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Alfred himself had married Eahlswith, a Mercian noblewoman, and another daughter, Aelfthryth, to the Count of Flanders, a strong naval power at a time when the Vikings were settling in eastern England.Since the 790s, the Vikings had been using fast mobile armies, numbering thousands of men embarked in shallow-draught longships, to raid the coasts and inland waters of England for plunder.In early 878, the Danes led by King Guthrum seized Chippenham in Wiltshire in a lightning strike and used it as a secure base from which to devastate Wessex. Alfred was patron of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (which was copied and supplemented up to 1154), a patriotic history of the English from the Wessex viewpoint designed to inspire its readers and celebrate Alfred and his monarchy.It is for his valiant defence of his kingdom against a stronger enemy, for securing peace with the Vikings and for his farsighted reforms in the reconstruction of Wessex and beyond, that Alfred - alone of all the English kings and queens - is known as 'the Great'.Centred round Alfred's royal palace in Winchester, this network of burhs with strongpoints on the main river routes was such that no part of Wessex was more than 20 miles from the refuge of one of these settlements. In an outpouring of support for the Prince, the people voted for some sort of memorial to be built in his honor.

A religiously devout and pragmatic man who learnt Latin in his late thirties, he recognised that the general deterioration in learning and religion caused by the Vikings' destruction of monasteries (the centres of the rudimentary education network) had serious implications for rulership. He died aged 24 under circumstances still not entirely clear. Prince Alfred (22 September, 1780 - 20 August, 1783) was the ninth and last son of George III and Queen Charlotte. He was the first son of George III to die, dying at age two years in 1783. (It was during this time that Alfred, in his preoccupation with the defence of his kingdom, allegedly burned some cakes which he had been asked to look after; the incident was a legend dating from early twelfth century chroniclers. While this had been the plan for many years, Alfred resented having to give up his naval career as well as his British life. Prince alfred of great britain, Prince Alfred (22 September – 20 August ) was a member of the British Royal Family as the fourteenth child and ninth and youngest son of King. On March 12, 1868, while visiting Sydney, Prince Alfred was the victim of an assassination attempt. This palace – known as Palais Edinburg – would be his residence in Coburg until his accession 28 years later. In addition to being the first British royal in Australia, Prince Alfred was also the first to visit New Zealand, Japan, Hong Kong, India, and Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) in visits over the next several years.Prince Alfred (right) with his brothers Edward, Prince of Wales (left) and Arthur, Duke of Connaught, June 1893. source: WikipediaAlong with his military career, from 1863-1865, Prince Alfred studied at the University of Edinburgh, and the University of Bonn. An Irishman, Henry James O’Farrell, fired at the Prince from behind, striking him just to the side of his spine. Born at Wantage, Berkshire, in 849, Alfred was the fifth son of Aethelwulf, king of the West Saxons. First, he organised his army (the thegns, and the existing militia known as the fyrd) on a rota basis, so he could raise a 'rapid reaction force' to deal with raiders whilst still enabling his thegns and peasants to tend their farms.To improve literacy, Alfred arranged, and took part in, the translation (by scholars from Mercia) from Latin into Anglo-Saxon of a handful of books he thought it 'most needful for men to know, and to bring it to pass ... if we have the peace, that all the youth now in England ... may be devoted to learning'.These books covered history, geography, philosophy and Gregory the Great's 'Pastoral Care' (a handbook for bishops), and copies of these books were sent to all the bishops of the kingdom.